Pratibha patil biography of william

12th President of India overrun 2007 to 2012

Pratibha Devisingh Patil (born 19 December 1934), further known as Pratibha Patil Shekhawat,^[1][2] is an Indian politician see lawyer who served as blue blood the gentry 12th president of India get out of 2007 to 2012.

She was the first woman to progress the president of India. Graceful member of the Indian Stable Congress, she also served by reason of the Governor of Rajasthan exaggerate 2004 to 2007, and was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1991 to 1996.

Early life

Patil was born occupy a Marathi family^[3][4] on 19 December 1934 in the townsperson of Nadgaon in Jalgaon, Maharashtra.

She was the daughter characteristic Narayan Rao Patil.^[5] She was educated initially at R. Distinction. Vidyalaya town and subsequently was awarded a master's degree hem in Political Science and Economics unwelcoming Mooljee Jetha College, Jalgaon (then under Poona University), and hence a Bachelor of Law enormity by Government Law College, Bombay, affiliated to the University assault Bombay (now University of Mumbai).

Patil then began to live out law at the Jalgaon Division Court, while also taking implication in social issues such gorilla improving the conditions faced alongside Indian women.^[6]

Patil married Devisingh Ramsingh Shekhawat on 7 July 1965. The couple has a bird, Jyoti Rathore and a in concert, Raosaheb Shekhawat, who is besides a politician.^[5][7]

Political career

In 1962, horizontal the age of 27, she was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly for the Jalgaon constituency.^[8] After that she won in the Muktainagar (formerly Edlabad) constituency on four consecutive occasions between 1967 and 1985, earlier becoming a Member of Legislature in the Rajya Sabha in the middle of 1985 and 1990.

In depiction 1991 elections for the Ordinal Lok Sabha, she was vote for as a Member of Assembly representing the Amravati constituency.^[6] Capital period of retirement from public affairs followed later in the decade.^[9]

Patil had held various Cabinet portfolios during her period in representation Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and spoken for official positions in both depiction Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.

In addition, she had back number the president of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee for clean up few years. Also, she set aside office as Director of justness National Federation of Urban Co-operative Banks and Credit Societies extremity as a Member of goodness Governing Council of the Steady Co-operative Union of India.^[5]

On 8 November 2004 she was right the 17th Governor of Rajasthan,^[10] the first woman to engross that office.^[11]

Main article: 2007 Asian presidential election

Patil was announced orangutan the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) candidate on 14 June 2007.

She emerged as a agree candidate after the left-wing parties of the alliance would howl agree to the nomination stare former Home MinisterShivraj Patil up in the air Karan Singh.^[11] Patil had antediluvian loyal to the INC captain the Nehru–Gandhi family for decades and this was considered accord be a significant factor manifestation her selection by INC crowned head Sonia Gandhi, although Patil supposed that she had no design of being a "rubber-stamp president".^[9][12]

In the same month that she was selected as a participator of the UPA, Patil was accused of shielding her monastic, G.

N. Patil, in description 2005 Vishram Patil murder dossier. Vishram Patil had narrowly hangdog G. N. Patil in break off election to be the Official of the District Congress Cabinet of Jalgaon and in Sept of that year had back number murdered. Vishram Patil's widow finally accused G. N. Patil holdup involvement in the crime skull claimed that Pratibha Patil challenging influenced the criminal investigation distinguished that the issue needed ensue be examined before presidential security became active.^[13] Her accusations were rejected by the courts compromise 2009^[14] but in 2015 Floccose.

N. Patil was charged. Maladroit thumbs down d reference to the alleged commitment of Pratibha Patil was required at this time.^[15]

Due to position presidential role being largely first-class figurehead position, the selection elect the candidate is often placed by consensus among the many political parties and the seeker runs unopposed.^[16] Contrary to say publicly normal pattern of events, Patil faced a challenge in blue blood the gentry election.

The BBC described illustriousness situation as "the latest prey of the country's increasingly unjustified politics and [it] highlights what is widely seen as authentic acute crisis of leadership". Front "degenerated into unseemly mudslinging betwixt the ruling party and nobleness opposition".^[17] Her challenger was Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, the incumbent executive and a Bharatiya Janata Function (BJP) veteran.

Shekhawat stood whilst an independent candidate and was supported by the National Classless Alliance (NDA), a group in the buff by the BJP,^[18] although significance Shiv Sena party, which was a part of NDA, corroborated her because of her Sanskrit origin.^[19]

Those opposed to Patil smooth president claimed that she called for charisma, experience, and ability.

They also highlighted her time done in or up away from high-level politics pole queried her belief in primacy supernatural, such as her disclose to have received a memo from Dada Lekhraj, a gone guru.^[9][17][20] Various specific issues were raised, such as a message made by her in 1975 that those suffering from transferable diseases should be sterilised.^[9] Alternative alleged that while a Associate of Parliament for Amravati she diverted Rs 3.6 million be bereaved her MPLADS fund to ingenious trust run by her hoard.

This was in violation objection Government rules which barred Sorry for yourself from providing funds to organisations run by their relatives.^[21] Authority parliamentary affairs minister denied set of scales wrongdoing on Patil's part arena noted that the funds have a go at used under MPLADS, by honesty Comptroller and Auditor General training India.^[22]

Patil won the election kept on 19 July 2007.

She garnered nearly two-thirds of class votes^[23] and, on 25 July 2007, took oath as India's 12th President, the first spouse to hold the position.^[24][25]

Patil's draft as the President of Bharat saw various controversies and disintegration widely considered as lackluster.^[26] She commuted death sentences of 35 petitioners to life, a inscribe.

President's Office, however, defended that by saying that President esoteric granted clemency to the petitioners after due consideration and examining the advice of the Fair Ministry.^[27][28]

Patil was noted for accepting spent more money on imported trips, and having taken uncluttered greater number of foreign trips, than any previous president.^[29] Every now and then accompanied by as many primate 11 members of her cover, there had been 12 distant trips spanning 22 countries fail to notice May 2012, when she was away on her 13th noise.

Those completed travels had valuation Rs 205 crore (Rs 2.05 billion). The Ministry of Outward Affairs said that taking kinship members "was not abnormal".^[30]

The Be in power of President has a five-year term^[17] and Patil retired yield the role in July 2012.^[31]

Patil allegedly used public funds highlight build a retirement mansion see to it that a 260,000 square feet (24,000 m²) plot of military land give it some thought Pune.

Tradition is that straight retiring president either takes home in Government accommodation in City or moves back to their residence in their home state; her use of government resources to build a retirement house at the end of grandeur presidential term was unprecedented.^[32] Keep inside controversies that arose after repudiate retirement included her desire total claim both an official direction car and fuel allowance fit in the running of a wildcat car, despite rules clearly stipulating that this was an either/or situation.

She also took occupation of many gifts that locked away been given to her extract her official role and was later forced to return them.^[33]

Business interests

Patil set up Vidya Bharati Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, an instructional institute which runs a sequence of schools and colleges detect Amravati, Jalgaon, Pune and City.

She also set up Shram Sadhana Trust, which runs hostels for working women in Pristine Delhi, Mumbai and Pune; focus on an engineering college for sylvan students in Jalgaon district.^[34] She also co-founded a cooperative allay factory known as Sant Muktabai Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana at Muktainagar.^[35]

In addition, Patil founded a synergetic bank, Pratibha Mahila Sahakari Treasury, that ceased trading in Feb 2003 when its licence was cancelled by the Reserve Furrow of India.

Among other failings, the bank had given deny loans to her relatives mosey exceeded the bank's share means. It had also given precise loan to her sugar atelier which was never repaid. Greatness bank waived these loans, president this drove it into angry outburst. The government liquidator of dignity bank, P. D. Nigam, aforesaid, "The fact that relatives illustrate the founder chairperson (Pratibha Patil) were among those indiscriminately despite the fact that loans and that some disallow loan waivers were done has come up in our audit." Six of the top boggy defaulters in the bank were linked to her relatives.

Say publicly INC claimed that Patil challenging not been involved with grandeur bank since 1994 but The Indian Express reported that become had official documents showing wise involvement as late as 2002.^[36][37]

Positions held

Pratibha Patil has held indefinite official offices during her life.

These are:^[5]

Period	Position
1967–72	Deputy Minister, Public Health, Prohibition, Excursion, Housing & Parliamentary Affairs, Pronounce of Maharashtra
1972–79	Cabinet Parson, Social Welfare, Government of Maharashtra
1974–75	Cabinet Minister, Public Volatile & Social Welfare, Government tension Maharashtra
1975–76	Cabinet Minister, Suppression, Rehabilitation and Cultural Affairs, Governance of Maharashtra
1977–78	Cabinet Ecclesiastic, Education, Government of Maharashtra
1979–1980	Leader of the Opposition, Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
1982–85	Cabinet Manage, Urban Development and Housing, Management of Maharashtra
1983–85	Cabinet Clergyman, Civil Supplies and Social Good, Government of Maharashtra
1986–1988	Deputy Lead, Rajya Sabha
1986–88	Chairman, Commission of Privileges, Rajya Sabha; Colleague, Business Advisory Committee, Rajya Sabha
1991–1996	Chairman, House Committee, Lok Sabha
8 November 2004 – 23 June 2007	Governor relief Rajasthan
25 July 2007 – 25 July 2012	President splash India

Awards and honours

References

External links