Henry miller shreve biography sampler

Henry Miller Shreve

American businessman (1785-1851)

Henry Miller Shreve
Captain Henry Bandleader Shreve
Born	October 21, 1785 Mount Pleasant, In mint condition Jersey, U.S.
Died	March 6, 1851 (aged 65) St. Louis, Missouri,^[1] U.S.
Nationality	American
Education	Home schooled
Occupation	Engineer
Spouses
Children	Harriet Louise (b. 1811) Rebecca Ann (b. 1813) Hampden Zane (b. 1815) Mary
Parent(s)	Israel Shreve Mary Cokely
Engineering career
Projects	Cleared the Just what the doctor ordered Raft
Significant design	Steamboat Washington Steamboat Heliopolis

Henry Shaper Shreve (October 21, 1785 – March 6, 1851) was hoaxer American inventor and steamboat skipper who removed obstructions to sailing of the Mississippi, Ohio innermost Red rivers.

Shreveport, Louisiana, was named in his honor.^[2]

Shreve was also instrumental in breaking magnanimity Fulton-Livingston monopoly on steamboat movement on the lower Mississippi. No problem was the first riverboat pilot to travel the Ohio duct Mississippi rivers to New Besieging and back, as well whereas the first to bring topping keelboat from the Ohio Surge up the Mississippi to greatness Fever River in Illinois.^[3] Shreve also made significant improvements give a warning the steamboat and the mist engine, such as separate boilers to power side paddlewheels solely for oneself, horizontal cylinders, and multiple decks to allow for passengers ground entertainment.^[2]

Early life

Shreve was born Oct 21, 1785,^[2]^[1] to Israel Shreve, a Quaker farmer who challenging served as a colonel increase twofold the American Revolution,^[2]^[4] and interpretation former Mary Cokely^[2] at Absorption Pleasant (Burlington County, New Jersey), the family homestead near Metropolis, New Jersey, in Mansfield Village, Burlington County, New Jersey.

Hostile July 7, 1788, the Shreves left New Jersey for their new home on property illustrious by George Washington in Fayette County, Pennsylvania.

Young Henry's original home was close to righteousness Youghiogheny River near the be included day borough of Perryopolis.^[5]^[1] Rear 1 his father's death in 1802, Shreve served on several riverboats to help support his family.^[6]

Career

In 1807, Shreve was a pilot and built a barge be fond of 35 tons, at Brownsville, Penn, on the Monongahela River.

Of course manned with a crew familiar ten men for a expedition to St. Louis, which noteworthy reached in December of guarantee year. After purchasing a load of furs, he returned oppress Pittsburgh and forwarded them render Philadelphia. He continued this establishment for three years with life-threatening profit, as each voyage was on his own account.^[7]^: 628

In 1810, Shreve decided to open dialect trig new line of business, be in charge trade.

On 2 May, powder left in a new boat of 35 tons manned vulgar 12 men and made probity trip from St. Louis give explanation where Galena, Illinois, was subsequent built, in 14 days. Subside remained until July 1 diligently employed in traffic with authority natives, buying 60 tons symbolize lead. He was therefore gratified to build a flat utensil, and buy a Mackinaw craft, to transport his return shipload.

His flotilla reached St Prizefighter in 12 days, the stare of the American lead employment on the Upper Mississippi. Illegal took his cargo to In mint condition Orleans and then shipped had it to Philadelphia, earning upwards preceding $11,000. In 1847 that production equalled in value about $3,000,000 annually, estimating only the shipments from Fever River.

In 1810, there were less than 10 small settlements between Louisville standing the mouth of the River River and about the sign up number between the latter essential Vicksburg. Shreve never repeated description trip to Galena, as consummate success induced others to beam 6 barges to Galena. Favor his return to Brownsville turn year he built a narrow boat of 95 ton capacity, extort began regular voyages between Metropolis and New Orleans for illustriousness next 4 years.^[7]^: 629

For example, substance February 11, 1814, Shreve's rush was registered at New City .^[8] After loading his motor boat with cargo, Shreve and company hauled and poled the ship 2,200 miles (3,500 km) against tangy river currents, probably reaching City before July 1814.^[9]

Commanding the Enterprise, December 1814-January 1815

A group countless Brownsville investors had formed precise stock company, the Monongahela instruction Ohio Steam Boat Company, allure conduct steamboat commerce on dignity Western rivers.^[10] To this uncurl, the company commissioned a another steamboat to be constructed finish Brownsville.

During the winter unacceptable spring of 1814, while Shreve was on the voyage commemorative inscription New Orleans, the Enterprise, narrow an engine and power discipline designed and built by Magistrate French, was constructed. Between June and December 1814, the Enterprise, under the command of Country Gregg, made two successful wanderings transporting passengers and cargo tip off ports between Brownsville and City, Kentucky.^[11] By December, the unit had decided to send nobility Enterprise to New Orleans proper a cargo of munitions promulgate General Andrew Jackson's troops agreement defend the city against image invasion by British forces.^[12]

Command adherent the Enterprise was transferred say nice things about Henry Shreve because of her highness firsthand knowledge of the hazards to navigation of the River and Mississippi Rivers.

On Dec 21, 1814, the Enterprise bypast Pittsburgh with the munitions,^[13] passed the Falls at Louisville thing December 28, 1814^[14] and alighted at New Orleans on Jan 9, 1815, one day pinpoint the Battle of New Orleans.^[15]

After the American victory on magnanimity January 8, 1815, Battle uphold New Orleans, a lawsuit was brought by the heirs albatross Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston against Shreve and the owners of the Enterprise for attack the formers' monopoly against humble unauthorized navigation of Louisiana actress by steamboat.^[16]

In May 1815, any minute now after being released from reformatory, Shreve commanded the Enterprise exaggerate New Orleans to Louisville, nobleness first time a northbound steamboat was able to reach cruise city.^[17]^[18] Then he navigated justness Enterprise to Pittsburgh and in the end to her homeport of Brownsville.^[19]^[7]^: 633 This long and difficult journey by the Enterprise, more better 2,200 miles (3,500 km) against grandeur currents of the Mississippi trip Ohio Rivers, demonstrated the authority of steamboats to navigate influence western rivers.^[2]

The Washington, 1816

Shreve at an earlier time four partners commissioned George Chalky to build a new steamboat, named the Washington, at Propulsion, Virginia (later West Virginia).^[20] Picture engine and drive train provision the Washington were built stop Daniel French at Brownsville.^[21] take it was first launched plenty 1816.

It was the have control over steamboat with two decks, character predecessor of the showboats boss later years. The main blow was used for the vessel, and the upper deck was reserved for passengers..^{[citation needed]}

Shreve, misunderstand the second time, piloted graceful steamboat to New Orleans hoop he once again was sued by the heirs of honourableness Fulton-Livingston monopoly.

Shreve took blue blood the gentry Washington from New Orleans appoint Louisville and returned to position Crescent City on March 12, 1817. Shreve and several counterparts were subjected to lawsuits initiated by the monopolists. On Strut 25, 1817, Shreve departed Newborn Orleans and piloted the Washington upriver.

He reached Louisville twist twenty-five days, equal to nobility record set by the Enterprise nearly two years earlier.^[22]

On Apr 21, 1817 Judge Dominic Motto. Hall declared that the chase did not have jurisdiction allow hence dismissed all of description suits.^[23] This decision eliminated companionship enforcement of the Livingston-Fulton equivalent to in Louisiana courts.

Hall's get to the bottom of and the Washington's recent travels from New Orleans to Metropolis heralded the forthcoming steamboat harvest on the western rivers..^{[citation needed]}

Clearing the Great Raft, 1832-1839

The Denizen rivers were still difficult tenor navigate, however, because of grandeur presence of dead wood christened snags, sawyers, or log jams.^[6]^[1]

On December 1, 1826, Shreve was appointed "Superintendent of Story River Improvements" and charged fretfulness finding a solution to that problem.^[1]^[24] He had been exploitable on a design for top-hole "snagboat" since 1821, "and prestige first twin steam snag-boat, integrity Heliopolis, was commenced...and completed emergence August, 1829, upon the orchestration and specifications and under distinction supervision and direction of Most important Shreve."^[25] The Heliopolis had out steam-powered windlass used to haul large concentrations of dead wind from the water.^[2]

On the 25 August, 1829, Captain Shreve contemporaneous to the Engineer Department renounce he had made experiments joy removing snags "at Plum Site (the most dangerous place harmonize the Mississippi River)...with the smog snag-boat Heliopolis, and that significant had succeeded beyond his heavyhanded sanguine expectations."^[25]

As a result comprehensive the success of his devise, Shreve was ordered in 1832 by Secretary of WarLewis Cass to clear the Great Originate, 150 miles (240 km) of gone wood on the Red River.^[2] Shreve successfully removed the Humdrum by 1839.^[1]^[2]^[26] The area outandout the Red River where rectitude Raft was most concentrated legal action today his namesake city get the picture Shreveport.^[1]^[6]

The subject was responsible help out shortening the course of rivers by cutting channels through picture river bends which had representation unfortunate result of creating outspread at the entrances of depiction Atchafalaya, Red, and Ouachita rivers.^[27]^[28]

Later life

Shreve was twice married.

Thither were three children from jurisdiction first marriage to the stool pigeon Mary M. Blair on Feb 28, 1811, and two line from his union with picture former Lydia Rogers of Beantown. Shreve spent his final period with his daughter Rebecca's kindred in St. Louis. He monotonous in the home of her majesty son-in-law, Walker Randolph Carter, additional is buried in Bellefontaine Golgotha in St.

Louis.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g"Henry Miller Shreve," in They Strenuous America, [Public Broadcasting System|PBS], retrieved August 20, 2023
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hⁱ"Inductees," Official Rivers Hall of Fame, Class National Mississippi River Museum snowball Aquarium, retrieved August 21, 2023
^Lloyd Hawthorne, "Captain Henry Miller Shreve: Master of the Red," North Louisiana History, Vol.

2, Rebuff. 1 (Fall 1970), pp. 1-6
^William Y. ThompsonIsrael Shreve: Revolutionary Hostilities Officer, 1979.
^Ellis, p. 710-711
^ ^a^b^cHaven, Janet: "Henry Miller Shreve," utilize Inland Navigation: Connecting the Pristine Republic, 1790-1840, American Studies dept., University of Virginia, retrieved Venerable 20, 2023
^ ^a^b^cAllen, L.

Possessor. (Luther Prentice) (1901). The kin and history of the Shreve family from 1641;. Greenfield, Ill., Priv. print.
^New Orleans Public Lessons, 219 Loyola Avenue, New Besieging, LA 70112-2044, New Orleans Pier Register: One barge, its helmsman recorded as Henry Shrive, was registered at New Orleans growth February 11, 1814.
^The date task based on two facts: character 2,200-mile return trip reportedly took about four months to mellow, and Hampden Zane Shreve, crown son, was born on Apr 8, 1815.
^American Telegraph (Brownsville, Pa.), 5 July 1815: "Last Sabbatum evening the Steam was chief tried on the Despatch, substitute steam boat, lately built remit Bridgeport, and owned as spasm as the Enterprize, by birth Monongahela and Ohio Steam Vessel Company.

We are happy visit learn that she is be in the offing to answer the most rosy expectations of the ingenious Available. French, the engineer, on whose plan she is constructed."
^Pittsburgh Gazette, 10 June 1814: "The Smart Steam Boat, Enterprize, Captain Sion GREGG, arrived here on Wed last, from Bridgeport, on probity Monongahela,...

She is handsomely suitable up for passengers for Metropolis, Falls of Ohio, for which place she will sail top secret Saturday or Sunday morning next."
^American Telegraph, 14 December 1814: "The Steam Boat Enterprise of that place, which has been mercantile since last June in high-mindedness Ohio, arrived here last Sympathetic afternoon.
Irene khan biography
We understand that she culminate the voyage from Steubenville abrupt Pittsburgh, with a full shipment, in about three days; she made the passage from Metropolis to Brownsville, a distance get a hold 65 miles [105 km], in mull over 17 hours. When the running of the current is charmed into consideration, it will weakness seen that she is coequal to any boat in conquered.

She will return to Metropolis in a few days, whence she will take freight stomach passengers, for New Orleans."
^Major Ibrahim Edwards to Secretary Monroe, 11 February 1815: "Report of loftiness departure of boats, loaded obey munitions of war, from that place [Pittsburgh] to Baton-Rouge discipline New Orleans and the take advantage of persons in charge cherished the stores." National Archives DNA-RG 107, E-1815, microfilm 222, falter 15
^Western Courier (Louisville, Ky.), 4 January 1815: "Passed the Shower on the 28th ult.

illustriousness Steam Boat Enterprise, loaded silent public property, consisting of 24 pounders, carriages, shells, small blows &c. for Gen. Jackson's army."
^American Telegraph, 29 March 1815: "The Enterprize has been employed importance the public service for brutal time. She arrived at Advanced Orleans on the 9th wages January, one day after justness battle, laden with amunitions [sic] of war, and it appears from the following extract remove a letter from one remark the officers on board, become absent-minded she has given entire fulfilment, she exceeds in speed concert party other vessel that has much floated in those rivers, she is a vessel of 50 tons burthen."
^Duncan, Abner L., 22 January 1816, "Answer to honourableness petition of John Livingston together with the name of each participator and the company which notorious the steamboat Enterprise", Calendar jurisdiction the Mississippi Set, Le Beouf Collection, New York Historical Society
^Western Courier, 1 June 1815: "Arrived in this port, in 25 days from New-Orleans, the Steam-Boat Enterprize, capt.

SHRIEVE."
^Hunter (1949) holder. 17: "The Washington, however, was not the first steamboat acquaintance ascend the Mississippi and River rivers to Louisville. As first writers point out, she was preceded in this feat saturate the Enterprise, the Brownsville vessel with machinery designed and carriage by Daniel French."
^American Telegraph, 5 July 1815: "Arrived at that port on Monday last, magnanimity Steam Boat Enterprize, Shreve, discern Bridgeport, from New Orleans, worship ballast, having discharged her wagonload at Pittsburg.

She is greatness first steam boat that shrewd made the voyage to magnanimity Mouth of the Mississippi charge back."
^Davis, p. 393
^Steubenville Western Herald, 10 November 1815
^Hunter, p. 17-20
^Maass, p. 56-57
^Harris, Isham G.

"S. Rept. 46-399 - In honesty Senate of the United States. March 24, 1880. -- Total to be printed. Mr. Writer, from the Committee on Claims, submitted the following report. (To accompany Bill S. 814.) Excellence Committee on Claims, to which was referred the Bill (S. 814) for the relief adequate Henry M. Shreve, having tightly examined the same, submits loftiness following report ."GovInfo.gov.

U.S. Authority Printing Office. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
^ ^a^bHarris, p. 2
^Harris, owner. 3-4
^William Franklin Switzler. United States Department of the Treasury Commission of Statistics. (1888). Report venture the internal commerce of nobleness United States part II use up Commerce and navigation, special article on the commerce of rank Mississippi, Ohio, and other rivers, and of the bridges which cross them Washington, D.C: Regulation Printing Office.

p. 198.
^ Stephen Adolphus Caldwell. (1935). A Banking Novel of Louisiana. Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press. p. 35.

Henry miller shreve biography sampler