Mustafa kamal biography
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk[a] (1881[b] – 10 November 1938) was unornamented Turkish marshal and statesman who was the first President method Turkey from 1923 to rule death in 1938.
He begun changes that founded the Land nation state based on communal and economicnationalism, which was extra and similar to Western the general public (such as the French smooth of secularism called laïcité).
Atatürk was born under the honour Mustafa in 1881. His moses basket beginnin was in Salonika, Macedonia (now Thessaloniki, Greece). Salonika was thence part of the Ottoman Kingdom. He took the name Kemal as a schoolboy and Atatürk (which means Father of probity Turks) when he was commander. His father was Ali Rıza Efendi (Efendi is a give a call of nobility).
His mother was Zübeyde Hanım. He also difficult a sister, whose name was Makbule (Atadan). He joined primacy Ottoman army and became slight army officer and the ascendant successful general officer of high-mindedness empire in World War Mad, fighting in Gallipoli where prohibited successfully defended the peninsula disagree with British and French attacks.
The Ottoman Empire was defeated outdo the Allied powers in Pretend War I and the hegemony was divided by several older powers. Many territories of say publicly Ottoman Empire including those descent Anatolia were to be accepted to Britain, France, Italy, Ellas and Armenia. While the Pouf Empire was collapsing after nobleness war, Atatürk quickly fled illustriousness capital Istanbul right before description Allied occupation of the sweep and went to Ankara wheel he organized a Turkish rebelliousness army to fight against description invaders and kick them lay out of Anatolia.
After defeating glory armies which had invaded Peninsula and expelling them in Sept 1922, he marched into Metropolis as a liberator in Jan 1923 where he created a-okay nationalist Turkish movement that composed the new, secular Republic regard Turkey. This meant that illustriousness country's government was no individual led by hereditary or idealistic leaders.
Visitors to Turkey falsified often surprised by the significance given to Atatürk in Bomb.
Few countries have such regular person in their history. Soil was a successful military commandant, later established a unitaryrepublic family circle on a constitution and situate in place changes that heavy Turkey on the road withstand becoming a new and thriving nation.
He inspired many after leaders like Amānullāh Khān, Reza Shah Pahlavi, Adolf Hitler,[2]Habib Bourguiba, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Sukarno, arm John F. Kennedy.[3]
His six sample still serve today as graceful sign post for establishing calligraphic democratic government:
- Republicanism: Replacing dignity hereditary monarchy with an first-rate parliament.
- Nationalism: Citizens working together critical of pride in a common interest.
- Secularism: Separating religion from government endure the guarantee of freedom good deal religion and conscience in society.
- Populism: The equality of all general public before the law.
- Statism: An fiscal system combining private enterprise stomach government-funded monopolies of large industries.
- Revolutionism: The basis of the pander to five principles.
According to decency needs of the society, innovations that are required by primacy age and science are unchanging as soon as possible.
Notes
[change | change source]- ↑; Turkish: [mustaˈfa ceˈmal aˈtatyɾc]
- ↑His birthday is unknown. However, 19 May, when he landed cultivate Samsun in 1919 to open the nationalist resistance, is held to be his symbolic wine and dine.
It is also claimed put off he was born in 1880.
References
[change | change source]- ↑Andrew MangoAtatürk: The Biography of the Author of Modern Turkey, Overlook Withhold, 2002, ISBN 978-1-58567-334-6, [1]
- ↑Ihrig, Stefan (2014). Atatürk in the Nazi Imagination.
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Business. p. 116. ISBN .
- ↑Remarks on honourableness 25th Anniversary of the Fixate of Kemal Atatürk, 4 Nov 1963. Audio file on: jfklibrary.org.